ASTM D 4491-1992 通过介电常数测试水工织物的水渗透性试验方法

上一篇: ASTM D 4033-1992 家俱装饰织物接缝抗纱滑移的标准试验方法(动态疲劳试验法)
下一篇: ASTM F 1424-1992 在全色复制器中利用单或双成分干调色剂评定调色剂使用法的测试

【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforMeasuringn-HeptaneInducedPhaseSeparationofAsphaltene-ContainingHeavyFuelOilsasSeparabilityNumberbyanOpticalScanningDevice
【原文标准名称】:使用光扫描设备测量作为可分离性值的含沥青重燃料油的n-庚烷感应相位分离的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD7061-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.14
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:沥青烯;燃料油;重油;庚烷;被感应的;测量;数;光学设备;相;扫描;分离
【英文主题词】:compatibility;heavyfuelsoils;phaseseparation;separabilitynumber;stabilityreserve;transmittance
【摘要】:Thisproceduredescribesarapidandsensitivemethodforestimatingthestabilityreserveofanoil.Thestabilityreserveisestimatedintermsofaseparabilitynumber,wherealowvalueoftheseparabilitynumberindicatesthatthereisastabilityreservewithintheoil.Whentheseparabilitynumberisbetween0to5,theoilcanbeconsideredtohaveahighstabilityreserveandasphaltenesarenotlikelytoflocculate.Iftheseparabilitynumberisbetween5to10,thestabilityreserveintheoilwillbemuchlower.However,asphaltenesare,inthiscase,notlikelytoflocculateaslongastheoilisnotexposedtoanyworseconditions,suchasstoring,aging,andheating.Iftheseparabilitynumberisabove10,thestabilityreserveoftheoilisverylowandasphalteneswilleasilyflocculate,orhavealreadystartedtoflocculate.Thistestmethodcanbeusedbyrefinersandusersofoils,forwhichthistestmethodisapplicable,toestimatethestabilityreservesoftheiroils.Hence,thistestmethodcanbeusedbyrefineriestocontrolandoptimizetheirrefineryprocesses.Consumersofoilscanusethistestmethodtoestimatethestabilityreserveoftheiroilsbefore,during,andafterstorage.Thistestmethodisnotintendedforpredictingwhetheroilsarecompatiblebeforemixing,butcanbeusedfordeterminingtheseparabilitynumberofalreadyblendedoils.However,oilsthatshowalowseparabilitynumberaremorelikelytobecompatiblewithotheroilsthanareoilswithhighseparabilitynumbers.FIG.1SchematicRepresentationofaTypicalMeasurementUsinganOpticalScanningDevice1.1Thistestmethodcoversthequantitativemeasurement,eitherinthelaboratoryorinthefield,ofhoweasilyasphaltene-containingheavyfueloilsdilutedintoluenephaseseparateuponadditionofheptane.Thisismeasuredasaseparabilitynumber(%)bytheuseofanopticalscanningdevice.1.2Thetestmethodislimitedtoasphaltene-containingheavyfueloils.ASTMspecificationfuelsthatgenerallyfallwithinthescopeofthistestmethodareSpecificationD396,GradeNos.4,5,and6,SpecificationD975,GradeNo.4-D,andSpecificationD2880,GradeNos.3-GTand4-GT.Refineryfractionsfromwhichsuchblendedfuelsaremadealsofallwithinthescopeofthistestmethod.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:E31
【国际标准分类号】:71_080_10
【页数】:6P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Low-voltageswitchgearandcontrolgear-Part5-7:controlcircuitdevicesandswitchingelements-Requirementsforproximitydeviceswithanalogueoutput.
【原文标准名称】:低压开关设备和控制设备.第5-7部分:控制电路器件和切换元件.带模拟输出的接近设备的要求
【标准号】:NFC63-149-2003
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:2003-12-01
【实施或试行日期】:2003-12-20
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:K31
【国际标准分类号】:29_130_20
【页数】:18P;A4
【正文语种】:其他